Understanding Data Breaches
Learn what data breaches are, how they happen, and how to protect yourself.
What is a Data Breach?
A data breach occurs when sensitive, protected, or confidential information is accessed, disclosed, or stolen by an unauthorized individual. This can include personal information like names, email addresses, passwords, credit card numbers, and social security numbers.
Breaches can affect anyone who has shared their information with a company or service that later experiences a security incident. Even organizations with strong security measures can become victims of sophisticated attacks.
How Data Gets Breached
Phishing Attacks
Attackers send fraudulent emails or messages that appear legitimate, tricking users into revealing login credentials or downloading malware.
Weak Passwords
Simple or reused passwords can be easily guessed or cracked using automated tools. Once one account is compromised, others using the same password follow.
Software Vulnerabilities
Unpatched software or systems with security flaws can be exploited by hackers to gain unauthorized access to databases and servers.
Insider Threats
Current or former employees with access to sensitive data may intentionally or accidentally expose information.
Malware & Ransomware
Malicious software can infiltrate systems to steal data or encrypt files, demanding payment for their release.
Common Types of Exposed Data
How to Protect Yourself
Use Strong, Unique Passwords
Create passwords with at least 12 characters, including uppercase, lowercase, numbers, and symbols. Never reuse passwords across different accounts.
Enable Two-Factor Authentication
Add an extra layer of security by requiring a second verification step, such as a code sent to your phone or generated by an authenticator app.
Use a Password Manager
Store all your passwords securely in an encrypted vault. This makes it easy to use unique, complex passwords for every account.
Be Cautious with Emails
Verify sender addresses, avoid clicking suspicious links, and never provide sensitive information through email. When in doubt, contact the company directly.
Keep Software Updated
Regularly update your operating system, browsers, and applications to patch security vulnerabilities that attackers could exploit.
Monitor Your Accounts
Regularly check your accounts for suspicious activity. Set up alerts for login attempts and review bank statements for unauthorized transactions.
What to Do If Your Data is Breached
- 1Change your password immediately for the affected account and any other accounts using the same password.
- 2Enable two-factor authentication if not already active.
- 3Monitor your financial accounts and credit reports for unusual activity.
- 4Consider placing a fraud alert or credit freeze with credit bureaus.
- 5Be extra vigilant about phishing attempts that may use your leaked information.